Carbureter.



G. HOLLEY.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 22.1911.

Patented Dec. 22, 1914.

2 SHEETS-*SHEBT l.

Way 2 G. M. HOLLEY.

OARBURBTBR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 22. 1911.

Patented Dec. 22, 1914.

2 SHEBTSSHBET 2.

Altnrnrg.

enonen M. HOLLEY, or numeric, nxcnieari.

' CAEB'URETER.

menace.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 22, Mid.

Application filed July 22, 1911. Serial no. access.

To all whom it may concern:

Bait known that I, Gnonou M. l-lonnnx, a citizenof the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors; and

I do declare the following to be a full, clear,

' and exact description of the invention,such

as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the enable it to automatically adjust itself ac- The invention .Fig. 2.

I cording to speed and load so as to afford a rich mixture for starting and at slow speeds, to insure reliability; and-a weaker mixture at high speeds, to assure higher efficiency and prevent overheating the motor when speeding, such automatic regulation of the carburetor being efi'ected without the employment of movin parts which are liable to become wornrom use and disarranged because of non-expert manipulation. further contemplates such an arrangement of parts as will compel all of the air entering the carburetor at all speeds of the motor to pass the source of fuel supply, resulting in a better balanced and more uniform mixture. I

The above object is attained by the structure illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical section through a carburetor showing one embodiment of. my

invention, some parts appearing in elevation. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the carbureter with the fuel reservoir detached. Fig.v 3 is a transverse section as on line 3-3 of Fig. 4 is an elevation of the fuel nozzle. Fig. 5 is a view of said nozzle in longitudinal section, as on' line 5-5 of Fig. 4. Fig. .6 is a plan view of said nozzle.

Referring to the'characters of reference,

1 designates thefuel. reservoir in which is located a float 2 connected in the usual manner with the gasolene supply valve, not

shown, to normally maintain the gasolene 1n sald reservoir at a predetermined level, as indicated by dotted line F-F in- Fig. 1.

Seated upon and closing the top of the gasolene reservoir is a tubular fitting 4 carrying the air intake pipe 5, which communicates with the air passage 6 within said fitting. Depending from the lower end of the fitting 4 is a stem 7 which passesfreely through the float 2 and through the bottom of the gasolene reservoir, the projecting lower end of said stem being threaded as at .8 to receive the nut 9 ,which screws thereon against the bottom of said reservoir to detachably couple said parts together. The stem 7 is hollow, forming therein a fuel chamber 10. Seated in said fuel chamber s a gasolene feed nozzle 11, said nozzle bemg spaced from the wall of said chamber throughout the greater portion of its length. Formed at the upper end of the nozzle 11 is a cup 12 for the hydrocarbon fuel. Connectingthe body portion of the nozzle with said cup through the bottom thereof is a fuel supply port 13, in which the controlling needle valve 14 is adapted to seat, said valve passing upwardly through a suitable stuiling box 15 and through said-nozzle. As illustrated'herein the pointof the valve which seats in the port 13 is broken away but itsfunction will' be well understood.

Connecting the fuel space of the reservoir with the fuel chamber 10, in" which the nozzle is seated, is a plug 16 having a limitlng supply port 17 therethrough which allows only a predetermined flow of fuel. An additional source of fuel supply 'to the chamber 10 is provided for by a plurality of radiat'ely disposed holes 18 formed in the tubular stem 7 near its'upper end, which are normally submerged or below the fuel level of the reservoir as elearlyfshown in Fig. 1. To allow fuel toflow into the nozzle 11 it is slotted on opposite sides as shown Depending into the air-passage 6 and ex-v tending downwardly into proximity with the fuel cup of the feed nozzle is a carbureting tube 20 having apassage 21 therethrough for the explosive mixture. The tube 20 near, its longitudinal center is provided with a laterally projecting exterior flange 22 which rests upon the margin of the opening in the fitting 4, through which said tube asses, said flange heingseeured to the marginal portion of saidv opening by means of screws 23. At the upper end of the tube 20 is a flanged coupling 24 for attachment to a-manifold or over the intake port of an engine to place the mixing passage 21 through said tube in communication with said port. ,Within the tube 20 is a throttle valve 25=adapted to be controlled by the lever 26. I

Formed upon the flange 27 of the fitting 4 is a vent tube 28, having a passage 29 therethrough which communicates with the fuel reservoir above the gasolene lever therein. Formed through the stein 7 is an over flow passage 30 which communicates with the. bottom of the air passage 6 to allow any excessive accumulation of gasolene, to escape from the carbureter. Attached. to the carbureter is the usual fitting 31 for connection of the fuel supply pipe.

When the motor is at restthe level of thefuel in the reservoir is at the point indicated by dotted line F-F in Fig. ,1, at which point of fuel level a quantity of fuel is maintained in the cup '12 of the fuel nozzle so that when starting the engine a rich mixture is provided for, the rush of air induced by the inspirations of the engine picking up the fuel from said cup andcarrylng. it into the engine cylinder where it is exploded in the usual manner to drive the motor. Be-

cause of the fact that the fuel may flow freely through the ports 18 into the chamber 10 such a Volume of fuel is supplied to said chamber as to maintain a constant supply of fuel in the cup of; the nozzle when starting the engine, or when it is turning at a slow speed, insuring a 'rich mixture which has been found bestfor starting or when running slowly'under a heavy load As the motor increases its speed the vacuum created by its inspirations rapidly increases so I that under" ordinary conditions the mixture whlch is supplied to the engine increases in v richness as the speed ofthe motor'is acceler'ated, resulting in overheating and, low efficiency. Thi objection is overcome in the construction ,erein shown ,becausehof the fact that when the motor is turning at ,a'

high speed the fuel" is drawn so rapidly through the nozzle as to quickly cause the fuel level in the reservoir to fall to a point on a line with or below said holes or ports 18, at which time instead'of drawin gasolene only therethrough, the inspirations. of the engine will draw air also which is supplied through the vent openin 29', when both air and gasolene will pass from the nozzle into "the nmixing'tube 21, thereby cutting down the fuel supply and iner'easing the volume of air, resulting in a lighter mixture in whichthe'fu'el is thorou'hly vaporized because of the commingl ing' of air therewith'within' the nozzle. When the fuel levelof the reservoirsha'll have dropped to the'point below or onalevelwith imports 18 the main supply of fuel to the nozzle through port 17, the capacity of which is such as to afford a sufficient supply of fuel but not to render the mixture over-rich.-

When the speed of the engine decreases the gasolene level will rise so as to partially sub I merge the holes or ports 18, therebyinereasis more reliable for starting, slow running,

and when pulling a heavy load, and that speeds above 10 miles-an hour a Weaker miX- ture is more economicalin the matter of fuel consumption, heats the motor less, and

causes less carbonization in the cylinders.

The carbureter herein described automatically adjusts itself to the varying conditions above stated without the necessityof manualadjustment or the employment of any movable parts which require manual or automatic adjustment so that when the carbumainin perfect workin'g'condition under all circumstances, II I I The fuel supply at" low speeds'isregulated and controlled by the needlevalve 14,

at high speeds byfthe limiting plug' ld, and

at intermediate speeds is' automatically oontrolled by the fuel level rising above or falling below the holes or ports 18 and thus ren dering the mixture richer or weaker accordin 1y, as the speedof the motor varies. I

aving thus fully set forth my invention, what I claim asnew and desire to'secure by' Letters Patent, is:-

' 1, A carbureter having a mixture passage, a fuel nozzle communicating with said.

reter is once properly adjusted it will resage,- a' fuel nozzle communicating with the said as age'thmugh 'a" port of limited capacity, auxiliary ports communicating with the interior of the said nozzle, "a second port communicating with the'interior of the said nozzle and, located 'below the'first named auxiliary ports, a fuel reservoir surrounding the said nozzle, a fuel sup l and means for causing the fuel in the said f uel ireservoir to'n'ormally maintain' a 'lv'el 'abovej the first named pert;

'3. Ajcarbui'etenhaving. a mixture passafge, a fuel hfi'z'z'le commuiiicatihg'wi'th the the said said passage and having a port of limited capacity, a sleeve forming a chamber about between the said chamber and the interior of the said nozzle, a fuel reservoir surrounding the said sleeve, ports located in said sleeve near the upper end of the said. nozzle and communicating with the said chamber, ports in said sleeve communicating with the said chamber at a polnt near the base of the said nozzle, and a fuel reservoir surrounding the said sleeve.-

4. A carbureter having a mixture passage, a fuel'reservoir, a hollow member centrally disposed within the reservoir, a fuel nozzle disposed within said hollow member,

said nozzle having a central discharge open- Y .ing and having a longitudinal opening in the vertical wall thereof, the wall of the hollow member having two ports therein communicating with the nozzle, one port being of fixed capacity and the other port bein located at a point to be covered by the fuel when at the normal level but uncovered nozzle, ports extending the length of the said nozzle permitting communication of said. nozzle,

when the fuel is at a lower level, and means for regulating the flow of fuel through the nozzle.

5. A carbureter having -a mixture passage, a fuel nozzle communicating with said passage, said nozzle having a recessed enlarged end and having a port of limited capacity communicating with said recess, a

sleeve surrounding said nozzle forming a sage orts m with said rounding said sleeve, mally causing the-fuel to maintain within the recessed enlarged end of said nozzle.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE M. HOLLEY.

Witnesses:

MARIE BROESAMLE, J. O'r'ro BAENZIGER. 

